The Prophet said, “O ‘Abdur-Rahmân bin Samura! Do not seek to be a ruler, because if you are given authority on asking for it, then you will be held responsible for it; but if you are given it without asking for it, then you will be helped in it (by Allâh):and whenever you take an oath to do something and later you find that something else is better than the first; then do the better one and make expiation for your oath.”
8:621 Narrated Abü Huraira:
The Prophet said, “We (Muslims) are the last (to come) in the world, but (will be) foremost on the Day of Resurrection.” Allah’s Messenger also said,” By Allah, if anyone of you insists on fulfilling an oath by which he may harm his family, he commits a sin, with Allah, greater than that of dissolving his oath and making its expiation with that which Allah has commanded.” [See the Qu ran (V.5: 89)].
CHAPTER 2. How did the oaths of the Prophet use to be?
8:628 Narrated ‘Abdullâh bin Hishâm:
We were with the Prophet and he was holding the hand of ‘Umar bin Al-Khattâb. ‘Umar said to him, “0 Allah’s Messenger! You are dearer to me than everything except my ownself.” The Prophet said, “No, by Him in Whose Hand my soul is, (you will not have complete faith) till I am dearer to you than your ownself.” Then ‘Umar said to him, “However, now, by Allah, you are dearer to me than my ownself.” The Prophet said, “Now, 0 ‘Umar, (now you are a believer).”
8:633 Narrated Abü Dhar:
I reached him (the Prophet) while in the shade of the Ka’ba; he was saying, “They are the losers, by the Lord of the Ka’ba! They are the losers, by the Lord of the Ka’ba!” I said (to myself), “What is wrong with me? Is anything improper detected in me? What is wrong with me?” Then I sat beside him and he kept on saying his statement. I could not remain quiet, and Allah knows in what sorrowful state I was at that time. So I said, “Who are they (the losers)? Let my father and mother be sacrificed for you, 0 Allah’s Messenger!” He said, “They are the wealthy people, except the one who does like this and like this and like this (i.e., spends of his wealth in Allah’s Cause).”
CHAPTER 3. The Statement of Allah “They swear by Allah their strongest oaths that….” (V.24:53)
8:650 Narrated Abü Huraira:
Allah’s Messenger said, “Any Muslim who has lost three of his children will not be touched by the Fire except that which will render Allah’s oath fulfilled.”
CHAPTER 4. If someone does something against his oath due to forgetfulness (should he make expiation?). [And the Statement of Allah:- “And there is no sin on you if you make a mistake therein.” (V.33:5)
8:657 Narrated (Abü Huraira):
The Prophet said, “Allah forgives my followers those (evil deeds) their ownselves may suggest to them as long as they do not act (on it) or speak”.
CHAPTER 5. To vow in Allah’s obedience.
8:687 Narrated ‘Aisha:
The Prophet said, “Whoever vows that he will be obedient to Allah, should remain obedient to Him; and whoever made a vow that he will disobey Allah, should not disobey Him.”
CHAPTER 6. If somebody dies without fulfilling a vow (may somebody else fulfill it on his behalf?)
8:689 Narrated Sa’Id bin ‘Ubâda (Al-Ansâri)
that he consulted the Prophet about a vow that had been made by his mother who died without fulfilling it. The Prophet gave his verdict that he should fulfill it on her behalf. [The verdict became Sunna (i.e., the Prophet’s As-Sunna – the legal ways)
CHAPTER 7. To vow for something which one does not possess, and to vow for something sinful.
8:695 Narrated Ibn ‘Abbâs:
While the Prophet was delivering a Khutba (religious talk), he saw a man standing, so he asked about that man. They (the people) said, “It is Abü Israel who has vowed that he will stand and never sit down, and he will never come in the shade, nor speak to anybody, and will fast.” The Prophet said, “Order him to speak and let him come in the shade, and make him sit down, but let him complete his fast.
Books of Muslims 