- IN SAHIH BUKHARI
- IN SAHIH MUSLIM
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IN SAHIH BUKHARI
Sahih Bukhari >
Book 3: of Knowledge
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 1. The superiority of knowledge.
1:56 Narrated by Abu Huraira
While the Prophet was saying something in a gathering, a Bedouin came and asked him, “When would the Hour (Doomsday) take place?”
Allah’s Apostle continued his talk, so some people said that Allah’s Apostle had heard the question, but did not like what that Bedouin had asked. Some of them said that Alllah’s Apostle had not heard it.
When the Prophet finished his speech, he said, “Where is the questioner, who enquired about the Hour (Doomsday)?”
The Bedouin said, “I am here, O Allah’s Apostle .”
Then the Prophet said, “When honesty is lost, then wait for the Hour (Doomsday).”
The Bedouin said, “How will that be lost?”
The Prophet said, “When the power or authority comes in the hands of unfit persons, then wait for the Hour (Doomsday.)”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 2. Whoever raises his voice in (conveying) knowledge.
1:57 Narrated by ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr
Once the Prophet remained behind us in a journey. He joined us while we were performing ablution for the prayer which was over-due. We were just passing wet hands over our feet (and not washing them properly) so the Prophet addressed us in a loud voice and said twice or thrice: “Save your heels from the fire.”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 3. The Imâm questioning his companions in order to test their knowledge.
1:59 Narrated by Ibn ‘Umar
The Prophet said, “Amongst the trees, there is a tree, the leaves of which do not fall and is like a Muslim. Tell me the name of that tree.” Everybody started thinking about the trees of the desert areas. And I thought of the date-palm tree. The others then asked, “Please inform us what is that tree, O Allah’s Apostle?” He replied, “It is the date-palm tree.”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 4. To recite or read (something) and present it in front of a scholar.
1:63 Narrated by Anas bin Malik
While we were sitting with the Prophet in the mosque, a man came riding on a camel. He made his camel kneel down in the mosque, tied its foreleg and then said: “Who amongst you is Muhammad?”
At that time the Prophet was sitting amongst us (his companions) leaning on his arm. We replied, “This white man reclining on his arm.”
The man then addressed him, “O Son of ‘Abdul Muttalib.”
The Prophet said, “I am here to answer your questions.”
The man said to the Prophet, “I want to ask you something and will be hard in questioning. So do not get angry.”
The Prophet said, “Ask whatever you want.”
The man said, “I ask you by your Lord, and the Lord of those who were before you, has Allah sent you as an Apostle to all the mankind?”
The Prophet replied, “By Allah, yes.”
The man further said, “I ask you by Allah. Has Allah ordered you to offer five prayers in a day and night (24 hours).?
He replied, “By Allah, Yes.”
The man further said, “I ask you by Allah! Has Allah ordered you to observe fasts during this month of the year (i.e. Ramadan)?”
He replied, “By Allah, Yes.”
The man further said, “I ask you by Allah. Has Allah ordered you to take Zakat (obligatory charity) from our rich people and distribute it amongst our poor people?”
The Prophet replied, “By Allah, yes.”
Thereupon that man said, “I have believed in all that with which you have been sent, and I have been sent by my people as a messenger, and I am Dimam bin Tha’laba from the brothers of Bani Sa’d bin Bakr.”
1:64 Narrated by ‘Abdullah bin Abbas
Once Allah’s Apostle gave a letter to a person and ordered him to go and deliver it to the Governor of Bahrain. (He did so) and the Governor of Bahrain sent it to Chousroes, who read that letter and then tore it to pieces. (The sub-narrator (Ibn Shihab) thinks that Ibn Al-Musaiyab said that Allah’s Apostle invoked Allah against them (saying), “May Allah tear them into pieces, and disperse them all totally.)”
1:65 Narrated by Anas bin Malik
Once the Prophet wrote a letter or had an idea of writing a letter. The Prophet was told that they (rulers) would not read letters unless they were sealed. So the Prophet got a silver ring made with “Muhammad Allah’s Apostle” engraved on it. As if I were just observing its white glitter in the hand of the Prophet .
1:66 Narrated by Abu Waqid Al-Laithi
While Allah’s Apostle was sitting in the mosque with some people, three men came. Two of them came in front of Allah’s Apostle and the third one went away. The two persons kept on standing before Allah’s Apostle for a while and then one of them found a place in the circle and sat there while the other sat behind the gathering, and the third one went away. When Allah’s Apostle finished his preaching, he said, “Shall I tell you about these three persons?
One of them be-took himself to Allah, so Allah took him into His grace and mercy and accommodated him,the second felt shy from Allah, so Allah sheltered Him in His mercy (and did not punish him),while the third turned his face from Allah and went away, so Allah turned His face from him likewise. “
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 5. The statement of the Prophet, ‘It is probable that a person who receives a piece of information indirectly may comprehend it better than he who has heard it directly from its source.’
1:67 Narrated by ‘Abdur Rahman bin Abi Bakra’s father
Once the Prophet was riding his camel and a man was holding its rein. The Prophet asked, “What is the day today?”
We kept quiet, thinking that he might give that day another name.
He said, “Isn’t it the day of Nahr (slaughtering of the animals of sacrifice)” We replied, “Yes.”
He further asked, “Which month is this?”
We again kept quiet, thinking that he might give it another name.
Then he said, “Isn’t it the month of Dhul-Hijja?” We replied, “Yes.”
He said, “Verily! Your blood, property and honor are sacred to one another (i.e. Muslims) like the sanctity of this day of yours, in this month of yours and in this city of yours. It is incumbent upon those who are present to inform those who are absent because those who are absent might comprehend (what I have said) better than the present audience.”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 6. The Prophet used to take care of the people in preaching by selecting a suitable time so that they might not run away (or get bored).
1:68 Narrated by Ibn Mas’ud
The Prophet used to take care of us in preaching by selecting a suitable time, so that we might not get bored. (He abstained from pestering us with sermons and knowledge all the time).
1:69 Narrated by Anas bin Malik
The Prophet said, “Facilitate things to people (concerning religious matters), and do not make it hard for them and give them good tidings and do not make them run away (from Islam).”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 7. If Allah wants to do good to a person, He makes him comprehend the religion. [The understanding of the Qur’ân and the Sunna (legal ways) of Prophet Muhammad
1:71 Narrated by Muawiya
I heard Allah’s Apostle saying, “If Allah wants to do good to a person, He makes him comprehend the religion. I am just a distributor, but the grant is from Allah. (And remember) that this nation (true Muslims) will keep on following Allah’s teachings strictly and they will not be harmed by any one going on a different path till Allah’s order (Day of Judgment) is established.”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 8. (The superiority of) Comprehending knowledge.
1:72 Narrated by Ibn ‘Umar
We were with the Prophet and a spadix of date-palm tree was brought to him. On that he said, “Amongst the trees, there is a tree which resembles a Muslim.” I wanted to say that it was the date-palm tree but as I was the youngest of all (of them) I kept quiet. And then the Prophet said, “It is the date-palm tree.”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 9. Wish to be like the one who has knowledge and
AI-Hikmah (wisdom) [i.e. the knowledge of the Qur’ân and the Sunna (legal ways) of the Prophet And ‘Umar .- said: Everyone must acquire sound religious knowledge early before he becomes a chief. (Abu ‘Abdullâh said: The companions of the Prophet had studied inspite of the fact that they were old in age).
1:73 Narrated by ‘Abdullah bin Mas’ud
The Prophet said, “Do not wish to be like anyone except in two cases.(The first is) A person, whom Allah has given wealth and he spends it righteously;(the second is) the one whom Allah has given wisdom (the Holy Qur’an) and he acts according to it and teaches it to others.”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 10. The statement of the Prophet : O Allah! Bestow on him (Ibn ‘Abbâs) the knowledge of the Book (the Qur’ân).’
1:75 Narrated by Ibn ‘Abbas
Once the Prophet embraced me and said, “O Allah! Bestow on him the knowledge of the Book (Qur’an).”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 11. At what age may a youth be listened to (i.e. the quotation of the Hadith from a boy – be acceptable).
1:76 Narrated by Ibn ‘Abbas
Once I came riding a she-ass (female donkey) and had (just) attained the age of puberty. Allah’s Apostle was offering the prayer at Mina. There was no wall in front of him and I passed in front of some of the row while they were offering their prayers. There I let the she-ass loose to graze and entered the row, and nobody objected to it.
1:77 Narrated by Mahmud bin Rabi’a
When I was a boy of five, I remember, the Prophet took water from a bucket (used far getting water out of a well) with his mouth and threw it on my face.
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 12. The superiority of a person who learns (Islam, becomes a religious scholar) and then teaches it to others.
1:79 Narrated by Abu Musa
The Prophet said, “The example of guidance and knowledge with which Allah has sent me is like abundant rain falling on the earth, some of which was fertile soil that absorbed rain water and brought forth vegetation and grass in abundance.(And) another portion of it was hard and held the rain water and Allah benefited the people with it and they utilized it for drinking, making their animals drink from it and for irrigation of the land for cultivation.(And) a portion of it was barren which could neither hold the water nor bring forth vegetation (then that land gave no benefits).
The first is the example of the person who comprehends Allah’s religion and gets benefit (from the knowledge) which Allah has revealed through me (the Prophets and learns and then teaches others. The last example is that of a person who does not care for it and does not take Allah’s guidance revealed through me (He is like that barren land.)”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 13. (What is said regarding) the disappearance of the (religious) knowledge and the appearance of (religious) ignorance.
1:80 Narrated by Anas
Allah’s Apostle said, “From among the portents of the Hour are (the following):
1. Religious knowledge will be taken away (by the death of Religious learned men).
2. (Religious) ignorance will prevail.
3. Drinking of Alcoholic drinks (will be very common).
4. There will be prevalence of open illegal sexual intercourse.
1:81 Narrated by Anas
I will narrate to you a Hadith and none other than I will tell you about after it. I heard Allah’s Apostle saying: From among the portents of the Hour are (the following):
1. Religious knowledge will decrease (by the death of religious learned men).
2. Religious ignorance will prevail.
3. There will be prevalence of open illegal sexual intercourse.
4. Women will increase in number and men will decrease in number so much so that fifty women will be looked after by one man.
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 14. The superiority of (religious) knowledge.
1:82 Narrated by Ibn ‘Umar
Allah’s Apostle said, “While I was sleeping, I saw that a cup full of milk was brought to me and I drank my fill till I noticed (the milk) its wetness coming out of my nails. Then I gave the remaining milk to ‘Umar Ibn Al-Khattab” The companions of the Prophet asked, “What have you interpreted (about this dream)? “O Allah’s Apostle ,!” he replied, “(It is religious) knowledge.”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 15. To give a religious verdict while riding an animal or standing on anything else.
1:83 Narrated by ‘Abdullah bin Amr bin Al ‘Aas
Allah’s Apostle stopped (for a while near the Jimar) at Mina during his last Hajj for the people and they were asking him questions.
A man came and said, “I forgot and got my head shaved before slaughtering the Hadi (sacrificing animal).”
The Prophet said, “There is no harm, go and do the slaughtering now.” Then another person came and said, “I forgot and slaughtered (the camel) before Rami (throwing of the pebbles) at the Jamra.”
The Prophet said, “Do the Rami now and there is no harm.”
The narrator added: So on that day, when the Prophet was asked about anything (as regards the ceremonies of Hajj) performed before or after its due time, his reply was: “Do it (now) and there is no harm.”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 16. Whoever gave a religious verdict by beckoning or by nodding.
1:85 Narrated by Abu Huraira
The Prophet said, “(Religious) knowledge will be taken away (by the death of religious scholars) ignorance (in religion) and afflictions will appear; and Harj will increase.” It was asked, “What is Harj, O Allah’s Apostle?” He replied by beckoning with his hand indicating “killing.”
1:86 Narrated by Asma
I came to ‘Aisha while she was praying, and said to her, “What has happened to the people?” She pointed out towards the sky. (I looked towards the mosque), and saw the people offering the prayer.
Aisha said, “Subhan Allah.”
I said to her, “Is there a sign?”
She nodded with her head meaning, “Yes.” I, too, then stood (for the prayer of eclipse) till I became (nearly) unconscious and later on I poured water on my head. After the prayer, the Prophet praised and glorified Allah and then said, “Just now at this place I have seen what I have never seen before, including Paradise and Hell. No doubt it has been inspired to me that you will be put to trials in your graves and these trials will be like the trials of Masiah-ad-Dajjal or nearly like it (the sub narrator is not sure which expression Asma’ used).
You will be asked, ‘What do you know about this man (the Prophet Muhammad)?’ Then the faithful believer (or Asma’ said a similar word) will reply, ‘He is Muhammad Allah’s Apostle who had come to us with clear evidences and guidance and so we accepted his teachings and followed him. And he is Muhammad.’ And he will repeat it thrice. Then the angels will say to him, ‘Sleep in peace as we have come to know that you were a faithful believer.’ On the other hand, a hypocrite or a doubtful person will reply, ‘I do not know, but I heard the people saying something and so I said it.’ (the same). “
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 17. To travel seeking an answer to a problematic matter, and to teach it to one’s family.
1:88 Narrated by ‘Abdullah bin Abi Mulaika
‘Uqba bin Al-Harith said that he had married the daughter of Abi Ihab bin ‘Aziz. Later on a woman came to him and said, “I have suckled (nursed) Uqba and the woman whom he married (his wife) at my breast.” ‘Uqba said to her, “Neither I knew that you have suckled (nursed) me nor did you tell me.” Then he rode over to see Allah’s Apostle at Medina, and asked him about it. Allah’s Apostle said, “How can you keep her as a wife when it has been said (that she is your foster-sister)?” Then Uqba divorced her, and she married another man.
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 18. To fix the duties in rotation for learning (religious) knowledge.
1:89 Narrated by ‘Umar
My Ansari neighbor from Bani Umaiya bin Zaid who used to live at ‘Awali Al-Medina and used to visit the Prophet by turns. He used to go one day and I another day. When I went I used to bring the news of that day regarding the Divine Inspiration and other things, and when he went, he used to do the same for me. Once my Ansari friend, in his turn (on returning from the Prophet), knocked violently at my door and asked if I was there.” I became horrified and came out to him.
He said, “Today a great thing has happened.”
I then went to Hafsa and saw her weeping.
I asked her, “Did Allah’s Apostle divorce you all?”
She replied, “I do not know.”
Then, I entered upon the Prophet and said while standing, “Have you divorced your wives?” The Prophet replied in the negative. On what I said, “Allahu-Akbar (Allah is Greater).”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 19. To be furious while preaching or teaching if one sees what one hates.
1:90 Narrated by Abu Mas’ud Al-Ansari
Once a man said to Allah’s Apostle “O Allah’s Apostle! I may not attend the (compulsory congregational) prayer because so and so (the Imam) prolongs the prayer when he leads us for it. The narrator added: “I never saw the Prophet more furious in giving advice than he was on that day. The Prophet said, “O people! Some of you make others dislike good deeds (the prayers). So whoever leads the people in prayer should shorten it because among them there are the sick the weak and the needy (having some jobs to do).”
1:91 Narrated by Zaid bin Khalid Al-Juhani
A man asked the Prophet about the picking up of a “Luqata” (fallen lost thing). The Prophet replied, “Recognize and remember its tying material and its container, and make public announcement (about it) for one year, then utilize it but give it to its owner if he comes.” Then the person asked about the lost camel. On that, the Prophet got angry and his cheeks or his Face became red and he said, “You have no concern with it as it has its water container, and its feet and it will reach water, and eat (the leaves) of trees till its owner finds it.” The man then asked about the lost sheep. The Prophet replied, “It is either for you, for your brother (another person) or for the wolf.”
1:92 Narrated by Abu Musa
The Prophet was asked about things which he did not like, but when the questioners insisted, the Prophet got angry. He then said to the people, “Ask me anything you like.” A man asked, “Who is my father?” The Prophet replied, “Your father is Hudhafa.” Then another man got up and said, “Who is my father, O Allah’s Apostle ?” He replied, “Your father is Salim, Maula (the freed slave) of Shaiba.” So when ‘Umar saw that (the anger) on the face of the Prophet he said, “O Allah’s Apostle! We repent to Allah (Our offending you).”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 20. Repeating one’s talk thrice in order to make others understand.
1:95 Narrated by Anas
Whenever the Prophet spoke a sentence (said a thing), he used to repeat it thrice so that the people could understand it properly from him and whenever he asked permission to enter, (he knocked the door) thrice with greeting.
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 21. A man teaching (religion to) his woman-slave and his family.
1:97a Narrated by Abu Burda’s father
Allah’s Apostle said “Three persons will have a double reward:
1. A Person from the people of the scriptures who believed in his prophet (Jesus or Moses) and then believed in the Prophet Muhammad (i .e. has embraced Islam).
2. A slave who discharges his duties to Allah and his master.
3. A master of a woman-slave who teaches her good manners and educates her in the best possible way (the religion) and manumits her and then marries her.”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 22. The preaching (and teaching) of the (religious) knowledge to women by the Imam (chief):
1:97b Narrated by Ibn ‘Abbas
Once Allah’s Apostle came out while Bilal was accompanying him. He went towards the women thinking that they had not heard him (i.e. his sermon). So he preached them and ordered them to pay alms. (Hearing that) the women started giving alms; some donated their ear-rings, some gave their rings and Bilal was collecting them in the corner of his garment.
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 23. Eagerness to (learn) the HadIth.
1:98 Narrated by Abu Huraira
I said: “O Allah’s Apostle! Who will be the luckiest person, who will gain your intercession on the Day of Resurrection?”
Allah’s Apostle said: O Abu Huraira! “I have thought that none will ask me about it before you as I know your longing for the (learning of) Hadiths. The luckiest person who will have my intercession on the Day of Resurrection will be the one who said sincerely from the bottom of his heart “None has the right to be worshipped but Allah.”
And ‘Umar bin ‘Abdul ‘Aziz wrote to Abu Bakr bin Hazm, “Look for the knowledge of Hadith and get it written, as I am afraid that religious knowledge will vanish and the religious learned men will pass away (die). Do not accept anything save the Hadiths of the Prophet. Circulate knowledge and teach the ignorant, for knowledge does not vanish except when it is kept secretly (to oneself).”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 24. How the (religious) knowledge will be taken away?
1:100 Narrated by ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr bin Al’ As
I heard Allah’s Apostle saying, “Allah does not take away the knowledge, by taking it away from (the hearts of) the people, but takes it away by the death of the religious learned men till when none of the (religious learned men) remains, people will take as their leaders ignorant persons who when consulted will give their verdict without knowledge. So they will go astray and will lead the people astray.”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 25. Should a day be fixed for women in order to teach them religion (apart from men)?
1:101 Narrated by Abu Said Al-Khudri
Some women requested the Prophet to fix a day for them as the men were taking all his time. On that he promised them one day for religious lessons and commandments. Once during such a lesson the Prophet said, “A woman whose three children die will be shielded by them from the Hell fire.”
On that a woman asked, “If only two die?”
He replied, “Even two (will shield her from the Hell-fire).”
1:102 Narrated by Abu Said Al-Khudri
as above (the sub narrators are different). Abu Huraira qualified the three children referred to in the above mentioned Hadith as not having reached the age of committing sins (i.e. age of puberty).
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 26. Whoever heard something (but did not understand it) and then asked again till he understood it completely.
1:103 Narrated by Ibn Abu Mulaika
Whenever ‘Aisha (the wife of the Prophet) heard anything which she did not understand, she used to ask again till she understood it completely. Aisha said: “Once the Prophet said, “Whoever will be called to account (about his deeds on the Day of Resurrection) will surely be punished.” I said, “Doesn’t Allah say: “He surely will receive an easy reckoning.” (84.8) The Prophet replied, “This means only the presentation of the accounts but whoever will be argued about his account, will certainly be ruined.”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 27. It is incumbent on those who are present [in a religious meeting (or conference)] to convey the knowledge to those who are absent. (This statement has come from the Prophet on the authority of Ibn ‘Abbâs).
1:104 Narrated by Said
Abu Shuraih said, “When ‘Amr bin Said was sending the troops to Mecca (to fight ‘Abdullah bin Az-Zubair) I said to him, ‘O chief! Allow me to tell you what the Prophet said on the day following the conquests of Mecca. My ears heard and my heart comprehended, and I saw him with my own eyes, when he said it. He glorified and praised Allah and then said, “Allah and not the people has made Mecca a sanctuary. So anybody who has belief in Allah and the Last Day (i.e. a Muslim) should neither shed blood in it nor cut down its trees. If anybody argues that fighting is allowed in Mecca as Allah’s Apostle did fight (in Mecca), tell him that Allah gave permission to His Apostle, but He did not give it to you. The Prophet added: Allah allowed me only for a few hours on that day (of the conquest) and today (now) its sanctity is the same (valid) as it was before. So it is incumbent upon those who are present to convey it (this information) to those who are absent.”
Abu- Shuraih was asked, “What did ‘Amr reply?”
He said ‘Amr said, “O Abu Shuraih! I know better than you (in this respect). Mecca does not give protection to one who disobeys (Allah) or runs after committing murder, or theft (and takes refuge in Mecca).
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 28. The sin of a person who tells a lie against the Prophet
1:106 Narrated by ‘Ali
The Prophet said, “Do not tell a lie against me for whoever tells a lie against me (intentionally) then he will surely enter the Hell-fire.”
1:109 Narrated by Salama
I heard the Prophet saying, “Whoever (intentionally) ascribes to me what I have not said then (surely) let him occupy his seat in Hell-fire.”
1:110 Narrated by Abu Huraira
The Prophet said, “Name yourselves with my name (use my name) but do not name yourselves with my Kunya name (i.e. Abul Qasim). And whoever sees me in a dream then surely he has seen me for Satan cannot impersonate me. And whoever tells a lie against me (intentionally), then (surely) let him occupy his seat in Hell-fire.”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 29. The writing of knowledge.
1:112 Narrated by Abu Huraira
In the year of the Conquest of Mecca, the tribe of Khuza’a killed a man from the tribe of Bani Laith in revenge for a killed person, belonging to them. They informed the Prophet about it. So he rode his Rahila (she-camel for riding) and addressed the people saying, “Allah held back the killing from Mecca. (The sub-narrator is in doubt whether the Prophet said “elephant or killing,” as the Arabic words standing for these words have great similarity in shape), but He (Allah) let His Apostle and the believers over power the infidels of Mecca. Beware! (Mecca is a sanctuary) Verily! Fighting in Mecca was not permitted for anyone before me nor will it be permitted for anyone after me. It (war) in it was made legal for me for few hours or so on that day. No doubt it is at this moment a sanctuary, it is not allowed to uproot its thorny shrubs or to uproot its trees or to pick up its Luqatt (fallen things) except by a person who will look for its owner (announce it publicly). And if somebody is killed, then his closest relative has the right to choose one of the two– the blood money (Diyya) or retaliation having the killer killed. In the meantime a man from Yemen came and said, “O Allah’s Apostle! Get that written for me.” The Prophet ordered his companions to write that for him. Then a man from Quraish said, “Except Al-Iqhkhir (a type of grass that has good smell) O Allah’s Apostle, as we use it in our houses and graves.” The Prophet said, “Except Al-Idhkhiri.e. Al-Idhkhir is allowed to be plucked.”
1:114 Narrated by ‘Ubaidullah bin ‘Abdullah
Ibn ‘Abbas said, “When the ailment of the Prophet became worse, he said, ‘Bring for me (writing) paper and I will write for you a statement after which you will not go astray.’ But ‘Umar said, ‘The Prophet is seriously ill, and we have got Allah’s Book with us and that is sufficient for us.’ But the companions of the Prophet differed about this and there was a hue and cry. On that the Prophet said to them, ‘Go away (and leave me alone). It is not right that you should quarrel in front of me.” Ibn ‘Abbas came out saying, “It was most unfortunate (a great disaster) that Allah’s Apostle was prevented from writing that statement for them because of their disagreement and noise. (Note: It is apparent from this Hadith that Ibn ‘Abbes had witnessed the event and came out saying this statement. The truth is not so, for Ibn ‘Abbas used to say this statement on narrating the Hadith and he had not witnessed the event personally.
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 30. The knowledge and its teaching and preaching at night.
1:115 Narrated by Um Salama
One night Allah’s Apostle got up and said, “Subhan Allah! How many afflictions have been descended tonight and how many treasures have been disclosed! Go and wake the sleeping lady occupants of these dwellings (his wives) up (for prayers). A well-dressed (soul) in this world may be naked in the Hereafter. “
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 31. To speak about (religious) knowledge at night.
1:116 Narrated by ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar
Once the Prophet led us in the ‘Isha’ prayer during the last days of his life and after finishing it (the prayer) (with Taslim) he said: “Do you realize (the importance of) this night?” Nobody present on the surface of the earth tonight will be living after the completion of one hundred years from this night.”
1:117 Narrated by Ibn ‘Abbas
I stayed overnight in the house of my aunt Maimuna bint Al-Harith (the wife of the Prophet ) while the Prophet was there with her during her night turn. The Prophet offered the ‘Isha’ prayer (in the mosque), returned home and after having prayed four Rakat, he slept. Later on he got up at night and then asked whether the boy (or he used a similar word) had slept? Then he got up for the prayer and I stood up by his left side but he made me stand to his right and offered five Rakat followed by two more Rakat. Then he slept and I heard him snoring and then (after a while) he left for the (Fajr) prayer.
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 32. (What is said regarding) the memorization of the (religious) knowledge.
1:118 Narrated by Abu Huraira
People say that I have narrated many Hadiths (The Prophet’s narrations). Had it not been for two verses in the Qur’an, I would not have narrated a single Hadith, and the verses are: “Verily those who conceal the clear sign and the guidance which We have sent down . . . (up to) Most Merciful.” (2:159-160). And no doubt our Muhajir (emigrant) brothers used to be busy in the market with their business (bargains) and our Ansari brothers used to be busy with their property (agriculture). But I (Abu Huraira) used to stick to Allah’s Apostle contented with what will fill my stomach and I used to attend that which they used not to attend and I used to memorize that which they used not to memorize.
1:119 Narrated by Abu Huraira
I said to Allah’s Apostle “I hear many narrations (Hadiths) from you but I forget them.” Allah’s Apostle said, “Spread your Rida’ (garment).” I did accordingly and then he moved his hands as if filling them with something (and emptied them in my Rida’) and then said, “Take and wrap this sheet over your body.” I did it and after that I never forgot any thing.
1:121 Narrated by Abu Huraira
I have memorized two kinds of knowledge from Allah’s Apostle . I have propagated one of them to you and if I propagated the second, then my pharynx (throat) would be cut (i.e. killed).
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 33. To be quiet (and listen) to religious learned men.
1:122 Narrated by Jarir
The Prophet said to me during Hajjat-al-Wida’: Let the people keep quiet and listen. Then he said (addressing the people), “Do not (become infidels) revert to disbelief after me by striking the necks (cutting the throats) of one another (killing each other).”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 34. When a religious learned man is asked, “Who is the most learned person,” (It is better for him to attribute or entrust absolute knowledge to Allah and to say, “Allah is the Most Learned (than anybody else).”
1:124 Narrated by Ubai bin Ka’b
The Prophet said, “Once the Prophet Moses stood up and addressed Bani Israel.
He was asked, “Who is the most learned man amongst the people.
He said, “I am the most learned.”
Allah admonished Moses as he did not attribute absolute knowledge to Him (Allah). So Allah inspired to him “At the junction of the two seas there is a slave amongst my slaves who is more learned than you.”
Moses said, “O my Lord! How can I meet him?”
Allah said: Take a fish in a large basket (and proceed) and you will find him at the place where you will lose the fish. So Moses set out along with his (servant) boy, Yusha’ bin Nuin and carried a fish in a large basket till they reached a rock, where they laid their heads (i.e. lay down) and slept. The fish came out of the basket and it took its way into the sea as in a tunnel. So it was an amazing thing for both Moses and his (servant) boy. They proceeded for the rest of that night and the following day. When the day broke, Moses said to his (servant) boy: “Bring us our early meal. No doubt, we have suffered much fatigue in this journey.”
Moses did not get tired till he passed the place about which he was told. There the (servant) boy told Moses, “Do you remember when we betook ourselves to the rock, I indeed forgot the fish.” Moses remarked, “That is what we have been seeking. So they went back retracing their foot-steps, till they reached the rock.
There they saw a man covered with a garment (or covering himself with his own garment). Moses greeted him.
Al-Khadir replied saying, “How do people greet each other in your land?” Moses said, “I am Moses.”
He asked, “The Moses of Bani Israel?”
Moses replied in the affirmative and added, “May I follow you so that you teach me of that knowledge which you have been taught.”
Al-Khadir replied, “Verily! You will not be able to remain patient with me, O Moses! I have some of the knowledge of Allah which He has taught me and which you do not know, while you have some knowledge which Allah has taught you which I do not know.”
Moses said, “Allah willing, you will find me patient and I will not disobey you in aught. So both of them set out walking along the sea-shore, as they did not have a boat. In the meantime a boat passed by them and they requested the crew of the boat to take them on board. The crew recognized Al-Khadir and took them on board without fare. Then a sparrow came and stood on the edge of the boat and dipped its beak once or twice in the sea.
Al-Khadir said: “O Moses! My knowledge and your knowledge have not decreased Allah’s knowledge except as much as this sparrow has decreased the water of the sea with its beak.”
Al-Khadir went to one of the planks of the boat and plucked it out. Moses said, “These people gave us a free lift but you have broken their boat and scuttled it so as to drown its people.”
Al-Khadir replied, “Didn’t I tell you that you will not be able to remain patient with me.”
Moses said, “Call me not to account for what I forgot.”
The first (excuse) of Moses was that he had forgotten. Then they proceeded further and found a boy playing with other boys.
Al-Khadir took hold of the boy’s head from the top and plucked it out with his hands (i.e. killed him).
Moses said, “Have you killed an innocent soul who has killed none.”
Al-Kha,dir replied, “Did I not tell you that you cannot remain patient with me?”
Then they both proceeded till when they came to the people of a town, they asked them for food, but they refused to entertain them. Then they found there a wall on the point of collapsing. Al-Khadir repaired it with his own hands.
Moses said, “If you had wished, surely you could have taken wages for it.” Al-Khadir replied, “This is the parting between you and me.”
The Prophet added, “May Allah be Merciful to Moses! Would that he could have been more patient to learn more about his story with Al-Khadir. “
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 35. Whosoever, while standing, asked a religious learned man who was sitting (on a pulpit or a similar thing, about something).
1:125 Narrated by Abu Musa
A man came to the Prophet and asked, “O Allah’s Apostle! What kind of fighting is in Allah’s cause? (I ask this), for some of us fight because of being enraged and angry and some for the sake of his pride and haughtiness.” The Prophet raised his head (as the questioner was standing) and said, “He who fights so that Allah’s Word (Islam) should be superior, then he fights in Allah’s cause.”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 36. The Statement of Allah : “And of knowledge you (mankind) have been given only a little.” (V.17:85).
1:127 Narrated by ‘Abdullah
While I was going with the Prophet through the ruins of Medina and he was reclining on a date-palm leaf stalk, some Jews passed by. Some of them said to the others: Ask him (the Prophet) about the spirit. Some of them said that they should not ask him that question as he might give a reply which would displease them. But some of them insisted on asking, and so one of them stood up and asked, “O Aba-l-Qasim ! What is the spirit?”
The Prophet remained quiet. I thought he was being inspired Divinely. So I stayed till that state of the Prophet (while being inspired) was over.
The Prophet then said, “And they ask you (O Muhammad) concerning the spirit –Say: The spirit — its knowledge is with my Lord. And of knowledge you (mankind) have been given only a little).” (17.85)
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 37. Whoever selected some people to teach them (religious) knowledge preferring them over others for fear that the others may not understand it.
1:130 Narrated by Anas bin Malik
“Once Mu’adh was along with Allah’s Apostle as a companion rider. Allah’s Apostle said, “O Mu’adh bin Jabal.”
Mu’adh replied, “Labbaik and Sa’daik. O Allah’s Apostle!”
Again the Prophet said, “O Mu’adh!” Mu’adh said thrice, “Labbaik and Sa’daik, O Allah’s Apostle!”
Allah’s Apostle said, “There is none who testifies sincerely that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and Muhammad is his Apostle, except that Allah, will save him from the Hell-fire.”
Mu’adh said, “O Allah’s Apostle ! Should I not inform the people about it so that they may have glad tidings?”
He replied, “When the people hear about it, they will solely depend on it.” Then Mu’adh narrated the above-mentioned Hadith just before his death, being afraid of committing sin (by not telling the knowledge).
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 38. (What is said as regards:-) To be shy (Alhaya) while learning (religious knowledge).
1:132 Narrated by Um Salama
Um-Sulaim came to Allah’s Apostle and said, “Verily, Allah is not shy of (telling you) the truth. Is it necessary for a woman to take a bath after she has a wet dream (nocturnal sexual discharge?)
The Prophet replied, “Yes, if she notices a discharge.”
Um Salama, then covered her face and asked, “O Allah’s Apostle! Does a woman get a discharge?”
He replied, “Yes, let your right hand be in dust (An Arabic expression you say to a person when you contradict his statement meaning “you will not achieve goodness”), and that is why the son resembles his mother.”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 39. Whosoever felt shy (to ask something) and then requested another person to ask on his behalf.
1:134 Narrated by ‘Ali
I used to get the emotional urethral discharge frequently so I requested Al-Miqdad to ask the Prophet about it. Al-Miqdad asked him and he replied, “One has to perform ablution (after it).” (See Hadith No. 269).
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 40. Teaching religious knowledge and giving religious verdicts in a mosque.
1:135 Narrated by Nafi
‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar said: “A man got up in the mosque and said: O Allah’s Apostle ‘At which place you order us that we should assume the Ihram?’ Allah’s Apostle replied, ‘The residents of Medina should assure the Ihram from Dhil-Hulaifa, the people of Syria from Al-Ju,hfa and the people of Najd from Qarn.” Ibn ‘Umar further said, “The people consider that Allah’s Apostle had also said, ‘The residents of Yemen should assume Ihram from Yalamlam.’ ” Ibn ‘Umar used to say, “I do not: remember whether Allah’s Apostle had said the last statement or not?”
Sahih Bukhari > Book 3 : of Knowledge
Chapter 41. Whosoever answered to the questioner more than what he asked.
1:136 Narrated by Ibn ‘Umar
A man asked the Prophet : “What (kinds of clothes) should a Muhrim (a Muslim intending to perform ‘Umra or Hajj) wear? He replied, “He should not wear a shirt, a turban, trousers, a head cloak or garment scented with saffron or Wars (kinds of perfumes). And if he has n slippers, then he can use Khuffs (leather socks) but the socks should be cut short so as to make the ankles bare.”
IN SAHIH MUSLIM
Sahih Muslim >
Book 34: The Book Of Knowledge
Sahih Muslim > Book 34 : The Book Of Knowledge
Chapter 1: Prohibition of making a hot pursuit of the allegories contained in the Qur’an, and avoiding those who do it, and of disputation in the Qur’an
Book 34: Number 6442: ‘A’isha reported that Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) recited (these verses of the Qur’an):” He it is Who revealed to thee (Muhammad) the Book (the Qur’an) wherein there are clear revelations these are the substance of the Book and others are allegorical (verses). And as for those who have a yearning for error they go after the allegorical verses seeking (to cause) dissension, by seeking to explain them. And none knows their implications but Allah, and those who are sound in knowledge say: We affirm our faith in everything which is from our Lord. It is only the persons of understanding who really heed” (iii. 6). ‘A’isha (further) reported that Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) said (in connection with these verses): When you see such verses, avoid them, for it is they whom Allah has pointed out (in the mentioned verses).
Sahih Muslim > Book 34 : The Book Of Knowledge
Chapter 2: Pertaining to a disputationist
Book 34: Number 6443: ‘Abdullah b. ‘Umar reported: I went to Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) in the morning and he heard the voice of two persons who had an argumentation with each other about a verse. Allah’s Apostle (may peace be upon him) came to us (and) the (signs) of anger could be seen on his face. He said: Verily, the (peoples) before you were ruined because of their disputation in the Book.
Book 34: Number 6444: Jundub b. ‘Abdullah al-Bajali reported Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: Recite the Qur’an as long as your hearts agree to do so, and when you feel variance between them (between your hearts and tongues), then get up (and leave its recital for the time being).
Book 34: Number 6445: Jundub (i. e. Ibn ‘Abdullah) reported that Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: Recite the Qur’an as long as your hearts agree to do so and when you find variance between them, then stand up.
Book 34: Number 6446: Abu Imran reported that Jundub told us as we were young boys living in Kilfa, that Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) had said: Recite the Qur’an. The rest of the hadith is the same.
Book 34: Number 6447: ‘A’isha reported Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: The most despicable amongst persons in the eye of Allah is one who tries to fall into dispute with others (for nothing but only to display his knowledge and power of argumentation).
Sahih Muslim > Book 34 : The Book Of Knowledge
Chapter 3: Following the footsteps of the Jews and the Christians
Book 34: Number 6448: Abu Sa’id al-Khudri reported Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: You would tread the same path as was trodden by those before you inch by inch and step by step so much so that if they had entered into the hole of the lizard, you would follow them in this also. We said: Allah’s Messenger, do you mean Jews and Christians (by your words)” those before you”? He said: Who else (than those two religious groups)?
Book 34: Number 6449: This hadith has been narrated on the authority of ‘Ata’ b. Yasir through another chain of transmitters.
Sahih Muslim > Book 34 : The Book Of Knowledge
Chapter 4: Those who indulged in hair splitting were ruined
Book 34: Number 6450: Abdullah reported Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: Ruined, were those who indulged in hair splitting. He (the Holy Prophet) repeated this thrice.
Chapter 5: Knowledge would be taken away, and ignorance would prevail upon people and the turmoil at the end of the world
Book 34: Number 6451: Anas b. Malik reported Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: It is from the conditions of the Last Hour that knowledge would be taken away and ignorance would prevail (upon the world), the liquor would be drunk, and adultery would become rainpant.
Book 34: Number 6452: Qatida reported that Anas b. Malik said: May I not narrate to you a hadith which I heard from Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) which no one would narrate to you after me who would have personally heard it from him (the Holy Prophet) (as I have the good fortune to do so)? ” It is from the signs of the Last Hour that knowledge would be taken away, ignorance would prevail upon (the world), adultery would become common, wine would be drunk, the number of men will fall short and the women would survive (and thus such a disparity would arise in the number of men and women) that there would be one man to look after fifty women.
Book 34: Number 6453: This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of Anas b. Malik through another chain of narrators, but with a slight variation of wording.
Book 34: Number 6454: Abu Wa’il reported: I was sitting with ‘Abdullah and Abu Musa that they reported Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) having said: Prior to the Last Hour, there would be a time when knowledge would be taken away, and ignorance would take its place and there would be bloodshed on a large scale.
Book 34: Number 6455: This hadith has been narrated on the authority of ‘Abdullah (b. Mas’ud) and Abu Musa (al-Asha’ri) through other chains of transmitters.
Book 34: Number 6456: A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Abu Musa through another chain of transmitters.
Book 34: Number 6457: Abu Wa’il reported: I was sitting with Abu Musa and ‘Abdullah and they were conversing with each other and Abu Musa reported Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying (that we find in the above mentioned ahadith).
Book 34: Number 6458: Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: (When) the time would draw close to the Last Hour, knowledge would be snatched away, turmoil would be rampant, miserliness would be put (in the hearts of the people) and therewould be much bloodshed. They said: What is al-harj? Thereupon he said: It is bloodshed.
Book 34: Number 6459: This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of Abu Huraira with a slight variation of wording.
Book 34: Number 6460: Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) having said: The time would draw close to the Last Hour and knowledge would decrease. The rest of the hadith is the same.
Book 34: Number 6461: This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of Abu Huraira through other chains of narrators and there is no mention of:” Miserliness would be put (in the hearts of the people).”
Book 34: Number 6462: ‘Abdullah b. ‘Amr b. al-‘As reported Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: Verily, Allah does not take away knowledge by snatching it from the people but He takes away knowledge by taking away the scholars, so that when He leaves no learned person, people turn to ignorant as their, leaders; then they are asked to deliver religious verdicts and they deliver them without knowledge, they go astray, and lead others astray.
Book 34: Number 6463: This hadith has been narrated on the authority of ‘Abdullah b. Umar through other chains of transmitters, but in the hadith transmitted by Umar b. ‘Ali there is an addition of these words:, I met ‘Abdullah b. ‘Amr at the end of the year and I asked him about it, and he narrated to us the hadith as he had narrated before that he had heard Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying….
(The rest of the hadith is the same).
Book 34: Number 6464: This hadith has been narrated on the authority of ‘Abdullah b. Amr b. al-‘As through another chain of transmitters.
Book 34: Number 6465: ‘Urwa b. Zubair reported that ‘A’isha said to him: This news has reached me that ‘Abdullah b. ‘Amr al-‘As would pass by us during the Hajj season, so you meet him and ask him (about religious matters) as he has acquired great knowledge from Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him). I thus met him and asked him about things which he narrated from Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him). And amongst these the one he mentioned was that Allah’s Apostle (may peace be upon him) said: Verily, Allah does not take away knowledge from people directly but he takes away the scholars and consequently takes away (knowledge) along with them and leaves amongst persons the ignorant as their leaders who deliver religious verdicts without (adequate) knowledge and themselves go astray and lead others astray. ‘Urwa said: When I narrated this to ‘A’isha, she deemed it too much (to believe) and thus showed reluctance to accept that (as perfectly true) and said to, ‘Urwa: Did he (‘Abdullah b. ‘Amr) say to you that he had heard Allah’s Apostle (may peace be upon him) as saying: (‘Urwa had forgotten to ask this from ‘Abdullah b. ‘Amr). So when it was the next year, she (‘A’isha) said to him (‘Urwa): Ibn Amr has come (for Hajj), so meet him talk to him and ask him about this hadith that he narrated to You (last year on the occasion of the Hajj) pertaining to knowledge. He (‘Urwa), said: So I met him, and asked about it and he narrated to me exactly like one that he had narrated (to me) for the first time. So when I informed her (‘A’isha) about that, she said: I do not think but this that he has certainly told the truth and I find that be has neither made any addition to it, nor missed anything from it.
Sahih Muslim > Book 34 : The Book Of Knowledge
Chapter 6: Pertaining to one who introduced something good or evil, or he who called to righteousness or to the path of error
Book 34: Number 6466: Jarir b. Abdullah reported that some desert Arabs clad in woollen clothes came to Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him). He saw them in sad plight as they had been hard pressed by need. He (the Holy Prophet) exhorted people to give charity, but they showed some reluctance until (signs) of anger could be seen on his face. Then a person from the Ansar came with a purse containing silver. Then came another person and then other persons followed them in succession until signs of happiness could be seen on his (sacred) face. Thereupon Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: He who introduced some good practice in Islam which was followed after him (by people) he would be assured of reward like one who followed it, without their rewards being diminished in any respect. And he who introduced some evil practice in Islam which had been followed subsequently (by others), he would be required to bear the burden like that of one who followed this (evil practice) without their’s being diminished in any respect.
Book 34: Number 6467: Jarir reported that Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) delivered an address in which he exhorted people to give charity.
Book 34: Number 6468: Jarir b. ‘Abdullah reported Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: The servant does not introduce good practice which is followed after him The rest of the hadith is the same.
Book 34: Number 6469: Jarir transmitted this hadith from his father through another chain of narrators.
Book 34: Number 6470: Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: He who called (people) to righteousness, there would be reward (assured) for him like the rewards of those who adhered to it, without their rewards being diminished in any respect. And he who called (people) to error, he shall have to carry (the burden) of its sin, like those who committed it, without their sins being diminished in any respect.
FROM RIYAD ALSALIHEEN
Riyad AlSaliheen >
Book 12: The Book of Knowledge
Riyad AlSaliheen > Book 12 : The Book of Knowledge
Chapter 241 : Virtues of Knowledge which is Learnt and Taught for the sake of Allah
Allah, the Exalted, says:
“And say: `My Rubb! Increase me in knowledge.” (20:114)
“Are those who know equal to those who know not?”’ (39:9)
“Allah will exalt in degree those of you who believe, and those who have been granted knowledge.” (58:11)
“It is only those who have knowledge among His slaves that fear Allah.” (35:28)
Hadith: 1376. Mu`awiyah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah said, “When Allah wishes good for someone, He bestows upon him the understanding of Deen.” [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary: Knowledge and understanding of Deen (religion) here stands for the understanding of the Qur’an and Hadith, religious injunctions, and knowledge of the lawful and the unlawful. This Hadith highlights the excellence of knowledge and the fact that it is a sign of Allah’s Help to the person who possesses it and acts upon it.
Hadith: 1377. Ibn Mas`ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (PBUH) said, “Envy is permitted only in two cases: A man whom Allah gives wealth, and he disposes of it rightfully, and a man to whom Allah gives knowledge which he applies and teaches it.” [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary: According to Imam An-Nawawi’s explanation, the word Hasad (jealousy) is used in the sense of Ghibtah i.e., envy. In Islam, jealousy is forbidden and is held unlawful. The reason being that one who is jealous wants that the person, who possesses the quality of which he is jealous, be deprived of that quality. Envy is permissible for the reason that when one seems that a person has been graced by Allah with certain gifts and qualities, he also desires to be blessed with those gifts. In the latter case, he does not grumble and grieve but eagerly prays to Allah for those gifts. `Knowledge’ here stands for the knowledge of the Qur’an and Hadith because this knowledge alone is beneficial for man, and it is through this knowledge that correct judgements can be made among the people. This Hadith has an inducement for acquiring useful knowledge along with wealth to spend in the ways ordained by Allah.
Hadith: 1378. Abu Musa (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “The guidance and knowledge with which Allah has sent me are like abundant rain which fell on a land. A fertile part of it absorbed the water and brought forth profuse herbage and pasture; and solid ground patches which retained the water by which Allah has benefited people, who drank from it, irrigated their crops and sowed their seeds; and another sandy plane which could neither retain the water nor produce herbage. Such is the similitude of the person who becomes well-versed in the religion of Allah and receives benefit from the Message entrusted to me by Allah, so he himself has learned and taught it to others; such is also the similitude of the person who has stubbornly and ignorantly rejected Allah’s Guidance with which I have been sent.” [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]
Commentary: This Hadith has already been mentioned, and is repeated here to highlight the eminence of knowledge and to induce Muslims to gain it. We learn from this Hadith that there are three categories of people. First, those who acquire knowledge of the Qur’an and Hadith, act upon it and also impart it to others. Such people benefit from this knowledge themselves and extend this benefit to others also. By virtue of this quality they are the best of all. Second, those people who acquire knowledge and impart it to others, but do not fulfill the requirements of that knowledge. Such people are inferior in rank to the people of the first category and can be taken to task for their omissions. Third, those who shun the knowledge of the Qur’an and Hadith. Neither they study and hear the two themselves for their own benefit, nor do they acquire knowledge to impart it to others for their benefit. This is the worst category of people. Every Muslim should try to be in the first category of the people.
Hadith: 1379. Sahl bin Sa`d (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (PBUH) said to `Ali (May Allah be pleased with him), “By Allah, if a single person is guided by Allah through you, it will be better for you than a whole lot of red camels.” [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary: “Better for you than red camels” is an allegory for everything that is better than anything else. Red camels used to be precious in Arabia, and their reference here is to highlight the value of guidance. Thus, this Hadith brings into prominence the importance of calling people towards Allah. But before calling others to the path of Allah, one must himself know it, and for this purpose, the knowledge of the Qur’an and Hadith is essential because one cannot provide any guidance in this respect without this knowledge.
Hadith: 1380. `Abdullah bin `Amr bin Al-`As (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: The Prophet (PBUH) said, “Convey from me even an Ayah of the Qur’an; relate traditions from Banu Israel, and there is no restriction on that; but he who deliberately forges a lie against me let him have his abode in the Hell.” [Al-Bukhari].
Commentary: This Hadith contains the following three important points:
1.It stresses the importance of acquiring knowledge of the Qur’an and Hadith and imparting it to others. No matter whether one has more or less knowledge, he must communicate it to others. There is no justification to presume that preaching or inviting to the Message of Allah is the duty of religious scholars and those who are well-versed in this sphere. In fact, it is a duty upon every Muslim, so much so that if a person knows even a single Verse of the Qur’an, that is to say if he knows only one injunction of Allah, he is duty bound to communicate it to other people.
2.It allows the communication of Jewish Traditions but this permission is subject to the condition that such Traditions are not against the elucidations of the Qur’an and Hadith.
3.There is a stern warning on attributing any false saying to the Prophet (PBUH). This demands strict scrutiny of Ahadith. If a Hadith does not have a reliable authority or whose chain of narrators has a false link or a person of doubtful integrity, that is to say if it is weak, then it is a serious offense to quote it as a Hadith of the Prophet (PBUH). There are various grades of weakness, and this requires deep knowledge of the narrators and principles of Hadith to know them since scholars who are expert in this discipline are few and far. The safest course for ordinary scholars is to refrain from stating such Ahadith which are weak, no matter whether the weakness is serious or slight. The reason is that although the majority of Muhaddithun consider the slightly weak Ahadith acceptable but they cannot be identified by everybody. Thus, every Hadith which is marked as weak should not be mentioned. In the present age Sheikh Nasiruddin Al-Albani has done a very remarkable work in this field. He has separated the weak Ahadith found in the four famous volumes of Ahadith (Sunnan Abu Dawud, At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa’i and Ibn Majah) from the authentic and prepared separate volumes of authentic and weak Ahadith. This work of Al-Albani has made it easy for the ordinary `Ulama’ to identify the weak Ahadith. Only a man of Sheikh Al-Albani’s calibre can do research on it. The ordinary `Ulama’ and religious scholars of the Muslims are heavily indebted to him for this great work and they should keep it in view before mentioning any Hadith. They should mention only the authentic Ahadith and refrain from quoting the weak ones. It is wrong to ignore this work on the ground that Sheikh Al-Albani is not the last word on the subject. There can be a possibility of error in his work because it is after all a human effort, but it will be very unfair to regard his effort of no account merely because of a possible error. It is regrettable indeed that only because of this possible error many people refuse to accept even the correctness of the Sahihain. (i.e., Sahih Al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim). Should we then accept their view? No, certainly not. So there is no sense in not making use of Sheikh Al-Albani’s matchless contribution. As Muhaddithun have done a great service to the Muslim Ummah by collecting and compiling the Ahadith, similarly in the style of Muhaddithun, and in keeping with the principles laid down by them, the research carried out to separate the authentic Ahadith from the weak is in fact an effort to complete their mission. In this age, Almighty Allah has bestowed this honour on Sheikh Al-Albani. May Allah protect him, give him the best of the reward and give him a long life.
We now revert to the subject under discussion and say that no such saying and practice should be attributed to the Prophet (PBUH) the authenticity of which is doubtful. On this principle, weak Ahadith, should not be mentioned. It is very unfortunate indeed that in spite of such a stern warning, many of our `Ulama’ are not careful in this matter. Not to speak of weak Ahadith, they do not hesitate to mention even Ahadith Maudu`ah forged Ahadith) only to adorn their speech. May Allah guide them to the Right Path. In fact, there is a class of religious scholars who try to refute the authentic Ahadith and validate the weak ones only to add credence to their own juristic school. May Allah save us from such evils.
Hadith: 1381. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “Allah makes the way to Jannah easy for him who treads the path in search of knowledge.” [Muslim].
Commentary: This Hadith has already been mentioned in full. See the Commentary on Hadith No. 247. A part of it which relates to the eminence of knowledge has been reproduced here. In this Hadith, knowledge means the knowledge of the religion, that is to say the correct knowledge of the Qur’an and Hadith which is acquired without any prejudice of any juristic school. Otherwise juristic prejudice can turn knowledge into great obstruction. May Allah bestow His Mercy on us.
Hadith: 1382. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “He who calls others to follow the Right Guidance will have a reward equal to the reward of those who follow him, without their reward being diminished in any respect on that account.” [Muslim].
Hadith: 1383. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “When a man dies, his deeds come to an end except for three things: Sadaqah Jariyah (ceaseless charity); a knowledge which is beneficial, or a virtuous decendant who prays for him (for the deceased).” [Muslim].
Commentary: “His deeds come to an end” means that he does not any longer receive the return and reward on his actions. But there are three categories of actions on which he receives reward even after his death. First, Sadaqah Jariyah such as building a mosque, or a hospital, or digging a well. As long as people will benefit from these, he will receive a reward for them. Second, “knowledge which is beneficial” means to impart knowledge to others or to propagate knowledge by means of one’s books. As long as this medium of teaching will continue and his books will be studied and people will benefit from them, he will receive a reward for it. Third, virtuous descendants. Training of children on the right lines is essential so that after a person’s death they continue to pray for him. The prayer of children in favour of parents is highly useful.
Hadith: 1384. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “The world, with all that it contains, is accursed except for the remembrance of Allah that which pleases Allah; and the religious scholars and seekers of knowledge.” [At-Tirmidhi].
Commentary: This Hadith has already been mentioned. It does not mean that this world, and whatever is in it, is really cursed. What it in fact means is that such things of this world are cursed which make a person negligent of the remembrance of Allah; or it is cursed for those who in their whole life do not remember Allah. This Hadith has been mentioned in the present Chapter, which relates to knowledge for the reason that acquisition of knowledge is essential to know that such and such work will be a source of winning the Pleasure of Allah and such and such act will incur His displeasure. This is the reason the teacher and the learner have been included in the exemptions from the curse.
Hadith: 1385. Anas (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “He who goes forth in search of knowledge is considered as struggling in the Cause of Allah until he returns.” [At-Tirmidhi].
Commentary: In this Hadith the acquisition of knowledge has been equated with Jihad for the sake of Allah. Sheikh Al-Albani has regarded this Hadith weak in his “Takhriju Fiqh As-Sunnah”.
Hadith: 1386. Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “A believer never satisfies doing good until he reaches Jannah.” [At-Tirmidhi].
Commentary: According to this Hadith, it is a quality of a Muslim that he is very much concerned about acquiring virtues and doing good, and he is never tired of struggling for them and live by them so much so that in this struggle he reaches the end of his life. By mentioning this Hadith in Kitab-ul-`Ilm it has been made evident that the best of the virtues is learning and teaching of religious knowledge because it is actually this knowledge which enables a person to distinguish between good and evil.
Hadith: 1387. Abu Umamah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “The superiority of the learned over the devout worshipper is like my superiority over the most inferior amongst you (in good deeds).” He went on to say, “Allah, His angels, the dwellers of the heaven and the earth, and even the ant in its hole and the fish (in water) supplicate in favour of those who teach people knowledge.” [At-Tirmidhi].
Commentary: `Alim (learned person) here means scholar of the Qur’an and Hadith, who adheres to Faraid and Sunnah and remains busy in learning and imparting knowledge. `Abid (devout worshipper) is one who spends most of his time in the worship of Allah. The benefit of his voluntary prayer and remembrance of Allah is restricted to his own self while the benefit of knowledge of the scholar reaches others also. Hence, of the two, the latter is far superior.
If Salat is mentioned with reference to Allah, it denotes “Allah’s Grace with Mercy;” if it is mentioned with reference to the angels, it denotes “to pray for forgiveness;” and if it is mentioned with reference to other creatures – men, animals, etc., – then it means prayer and supplication. Thus, Allah graces that person with His Mercy who teach people the beneficial knowledge, i.e., the knowledge of Islam; angels pray to Allah to forgive his (or her) sins; and other creatures pray for his (or her) well-being. In this way, this Hadith stresses the distinction of religious scholars and highlights the esteem in which they are held by Allah, His angels and His other creatures.
Hadith: 1388. Abud-Darda (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “He who follows a path in quest of knowledge, Allah will make the path of Jannah easy to him. The angels lower their wings over the seeker of knowledge, being pleased with what he does. The inhabitants of the heavens and the earth and even the fish in the depth of the oceans seek forgiveness for him. The superiority of the learned man over the devout worshipper is like that of the full moon to the rest of the stars (i.e., in brightness). The learned are the heirs of the Prophets who bequeath neither dinar nor dirham but only that of knowledge; and he who acquires it, has in fact acquired an abundant portion.” [Abu Dawud and At-Tirmidhi].
Commentary: Like the preceding Ahadith, this Hadith also mentions the eminence of learning religious knowledge, and respecting and honouring `Ulama’.
Hadith: 1389. Ibn Mas`ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) saying, “May Allah freshen the affairs of a person who hears something from us and communicates it to others exactly as he has heard it (i.e., both the meaning and the words). Many a recepient of knowledge understands it better than the one who has heard it.” [At-Tirmidhi].
Commentary: Besides mentioning the eminence of knowledge, this Hadith contains inducement for preaching and inviting people towards the path of Allah. It also urges us to communicate knowledge exactly as we have heard it, without changing anything in the least.
Hadith: 1390. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “He who is asked about knowledge (of religion) and conceals it, will be bridled with a bridle of fire on the Day of Resurrection.” [Abu Dawud and At-Tirmidhi].
Commentary: We learn from this Hadith that to withhold guidance in the matter of religion from anybody who seeks it, is a grave sin which is threatened with Hell. Unfortunately, the religious scholars who are shackled in religious prejudices and terribly lack interest in juristic matters have developed a habit of concealing religious knowledge from people. In fact, this grave sin has become so alarming that any further delay to eradicate it will prove ruinous for us. May Allah grant us true guidance.
Hadith: 1391. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah(PBUH) said, “He who does not acquire knowledge with the sole intention of seeking the Pleasure of Allah but for worldly gain, will not smell the fragrance of Jannah on the Day of Resurrection.” [Abu Dawud].
Commentary: This Hadith has an inducement for acquiring knowledge for the Pleasure of Allah alone. If a religious scholar acquires it to make it a means of worldly gains, then it turns to such a serious crime that such a scholar will not even smell the fragrance of Jannah (i.e., he will not enter it along with the saved). May Allah save us from it. However, if a scholar gains wealth and worldly gains through it without any intention, then it is altogether a different matter. In that case, it is not harmful for him as long as he uses it in a manner pleasing to Allah.
Hadith: 1392. `Abdullah bin `Amr bin Al-`As (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) saying: “Verily, Allah does not take away knowledge by snatching it from the people, but He takes it away by taking away (the lives of) the religious scholars till none of the scholars stays alive. Then the people will take ignorant ones as their leaders, who, when asked to deliver religious verdicts, will issue them without knowledge, the result being that they will go astray and will lead others astray.” [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary: It is a sign of the nearness of the Day of Judgement that the world will be deprived of genuine religious scholars, and illiterate people will become leaders who will have neither the knowledge of the Qur’an nor that of the Hadith. Despite their ignorance of the Qur’an and the Hadith, they will be called Mujtahid (jurist entitled to independent reasoning) and Imam (leader) and will mislead people with their legal opinions and self-created problems. Besides urging us to acquire religious knowledge with a view to producing more scholars in the society, this Hadith also warns us against the ignorant self-styled `Ulama’. It also warns us against entrusting religious leadership to them.
FROM ADAB AL MUFRAD
Adab Al Mufrad >
Book 30. General Behaviour
Adab Al Mufrad > Book 30 : General Behaviour
Chapter 250. The intellect is located in the heart
547. ‘Iyad ibn Khalifa heard ‘Ali say at Siffin, “The intellect is located in the heart. Mercy is located in the liver, Compassion is located in the spleen. The self (nafs) is located in the lungs.”
Grade: Hasan (Sound)
Commentary: The trials and tribulations that befell the Muslims at Siffeen, where over 50,000 Muslims lost their lives is well known. Perhaps Alee in the address implied by his saying that intelligence is in the heart, that: since the heart is the morsel of flesh in the body which when sound, the rest of the body is upright and which when bad, the rest of the body goes bad likewise. So when the heart is sound, the intellect and its contemplations will be sound; likewise the character and thereupon, mercy and compassion will have their right places. If conversely, the heart is sick, the intellect and its contemplations will be sick and character will be bad leading to further shedding of blood among the people.
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